ABSTRACT
Purpose - The purpose of this study was to assess knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about COVID-19 among Portuguese higher education students. Design/methodology/approach - In May 2020, all students from a Portuguese University were invited to participate in completing an online questionnaire. A total of 262 students participated. COVID-19 related knowledge, attitudes toward COVID-19 and preventive behaviors were assessed. Differences between outcomes and sociodemographics were analyzed through independent t-tests and the ANOVA. A generalized linear model was calculated to determine the predictive variables of preventive behaviors. Findings - Students revealed good knowledge about COVID-19, correctly answering 13.06 (SD = 1.25) questions in a total of 14 and favorable attitudes toward preventive behaviors (M = 32.73, SD = 2.88). Students reported always engaging in, on average, 5.81 (SD = 2.61) of the 12 behavior analyzed. Females presented higher levels of knowledge, more positive attitudes and engaged in more preventive behaviors than males. Being a bachelor's (Exp (beta) = 8.213, 95% CI: 1.791-37.670, p < 0.01) or a master's degree student (Exp (beta) = 7.568, 95% CI: 1.598-35.835, p < 0.05) and having positive attitudes toward preventive behavior of COVID-19 predicted the adoption of those preventive behavior (Exp (beta) = 1.340, 95% CI: 1.189-1.510,p < 0.001). Originality/value - This study provides useful data to plan health education programs about COVID-19 among higher education students. The continuous investment by universities in preventive campaigns is essential to promote good preventive behaviors in the next academic year.
ABSTRACT
This cross-sectional study was aimed to describe and analyse factors related to the professional well-being of Portuguese teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. A previously validated, anonymous and online questionnaire was applied to a non-probabilistic sample of Portuguese teachers. In addition to the socio-demographic and professional variables, the questionnaire measured subjective and professional well-being, satisfaction with the education system and future perspectives regarding the professional circumstances. The psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire were analysed, the t-test and ANOVA were used to analyse the differences between the main variables and the socio-demographic and professional characteristics, along with the generalized linear model in order to more precisely determine the predicting factors of teachers' professional well-being. The results showed that the majority of respondents have a moderately positive perception of well-being. Teachers were satisfied with the education system before the pandemic. The pandemic has reduced the perception of well-being in the face of the profession, creating some concern among teachers about their professional future. Sex, length of service, well-being, perceptions of teaching difficulties and future perspectives proved to be predictors of professional well-being in times of pandemic. This study provided scientific bases for the development of interventions that improve the professional well-being of teachers, which focus on emotional management and the development of digital skills in teachers with long careers. This piece of research concluded with thorough evidence that there is a need for further and stronger investment in public policies for the reform and, consequently, for the renewal of the teaching class.
ABSTRACT
This cross-sectional study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes and behaviours about COVID-19 among high school students in Portugal, given its importance for adherence to measures aimed at preventing this disease. High school students from all regions of the country (N = 1258) completed an online questionnaire in May 2020. Students revealed good knowledge about COVID- 19, correctly answering 12 out of 14 items, and reported mostly positive attitudes towards preventive behaviours. However, the adoption of these behaviours was lower: only 6 out of 12 behaviours were adopted, on average, by students. Differences by sex, school year, region and course are presented. Being a female, attending courses on Visual Arts or Languages and Humanities, and having more positive attitudes towards prevention of COVID-19 increase the likelihood of adopting preventive behaviours. The investment in preventive campaigns is essential to enhance adherence to preventive behaviours in this population. Copyright © 2020 Associação Portuguesa de Psicologia.